End of life signs - how to know when it’s happening

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I’m looking for advice as I’m currently caring for my Dad with terminal cancer of unknown origin.

he was diagnosed in December 25 after being admitted to hospital for feeling unwell. The diagnosis was a complete shock for all, metatastic cancer in his lungs, liver and bones and he was given a weeks to 3 months prognosis but told to prepare ourselves for weeks.

He has been cared for at home since, the first weeks were fine and due to high dose steroids he was buoyant and very accepting of it all. Now his steroids have been reduced to minimal dose and he’s using oramorph more regularly although isn’t in vast amounts of pain. 

what I’m struggling most with is the uncertainty and his changing personality. He’s become very bad-tempered, complains about everything and plays off friends and family who visit, telling them all I’m essentially doing bad job of caring for him. He gets confused easily and now I’ve stopped myself from correcting him all the time as I can see he is getting distressed about his confusion. 

he think he should be in the hospice and for the last 3 weeks has been arguing with me and the palliative team that the system is failing him. I understand he can’t be admitted until he is ready and in the active dying phase - can no longer swallow, not eating, sleeping all day etc - but getting to that point and watching this decline alone feels like it’s going to be harrowing. We have carers helping with his washing, bowel accidents etc and regular district nurse visits. His skin is getting more compromised but being managed. He also got shingles a few weeks ago which added another layer of stress but that’s calmed down now. 

I guess the way I deal with things is to try and be prepared, to know what the signs are / could be that tell me he is nearing the end. Like how quickly can he go from still eating to not, still swallowing fine to not. Is it a gradual process that happens slowly over weeks or is it one day fine the next day not fine? 

I moved in with him in December and usually live three hours away, I’ve had to step away from my life and business to be here for him and I’m massively struggling to cope with it all. A few people have advised me now that moving him to a care home may be a better option so I can be his daughter and not his carer and prevent further deterioration of our relationship but I just don’t know what to do. His wishes are that he wants to die in hospice not at home. 

  • Hi michelle

    Im sorry to read about your situation, many of us have been or are in similar. My husband died in October and I had all the same questions, and did dr google rather a lot.

    Are you in contact with your hospice, have they actually said they will only take him when he is acively dying? I am aware of some who have had 2/ 3 weeks in the hospice. 

    In terms of when, it will be different for everyone but for my husband, he literaly took to his bed one day and basically stopped eating. We had been out, had breakfast, he filled the car with petrol and when we came home, that was the last time he left the house. It was very sudden, and we were told it could be. From that day to his death was 6 weeks. He barely ate or drank, slept a lot, gradually became less mobile, then incontinent, then more breathless, then confused and hallucinating but could still hold a conversation 3 days before he died. He wanted to die at home.

    I was told this, that was spot on for my husband but may not be for others.

    If you see deterioration monthly, then you have months. If you see deterioration weekly then you have weeks and if you see change daily, you have days.

    The not knowing is so hard, like a kind of limbo, you know they are declining, dont want them to go, but also dont want to prolong the inevitable, and hope it will be peaceful. 

    Are you able to speak to hospice or district nurses, I think I was too scared to ask and Im sure they thought he had longer than he did, it was sort of the elephant in the room. 

    In terms of care home, you could spend a lot of time and energy looking for a place suitable unless you know of somewhere already.

    I wish you strength at this impossibly difficult time. X